• Baking powder = 1/3 t. baking soda plus 1/2 t. cream of tartar (equals 1 t. baking powder).
  • Brown sugar = 1 c. white sugar plus 2 T. molasses, stir well.
  • Buttermilk = 1 c. milk of choice plus 1 T. vinegar or lemon juice, let set for 5 minutes.
  • Egg replacer = (for one egg) 1 T. flax or chia meal plus 3 T. hot water, combine and let stand until gelled, or 1/2 a banana, mashed.Milk = coconut milk, almond milk, or rice milk.
  • Oil (in baking) = 1/2 to equal amount applesauce or other fruit puree, or plain yogurt.Powdered sugar = 1 c. granulated sugar plus 1 T. cornstarch, whirl in blender until powder forms.
  • Wheat or white flour = 2/3 c. gluten-free flour + 1/3 c. gluten-free starch + 1/2 t. guar gum for each cup.
  • Unsweetened chocolate = 3 T. cocoa for each ounce.